How to Make Pure Sand

Sand that you find on a beach or a playground is a mixture of minerals and organic matter. Pure sand, which is silicon dioxide or silica, is a chemical you may not encounter. However, you can make pure sand yourself quite easily: Ingredients for Sand sodium silicate (make it yourself)sodium bisulfatewater Make Sand Mix together 5 ml sodium silicate solution and 5 ml water.In a separate container, stir 3.5 grams sodium bisulfate into 10 mL of water. Keep stirring until the sodium bisulfate dissolves.Mix the two solutions together. The resulting gel that forms at the bottom of the liquid is orthosilicic acid.Place the orthosilicic acid into a heat-safe glass or porcelain dish and heat it over a burner flame for about 5 minutes. The orthosilicic acid dries to form silicon dioxide, SiO2, which is your sand. Sand is non-toxic, but it presents an inhalation hazard since the small particles could become trapped in your lungs if inhaled. Therefore, enjoy your sand, but dont play with it like you might with natural sand. White Sand Beach

Animal Farm And Fahrenheit 451 Literary Analysis - 811 Words

Freedom is something all people want, but few have. Since the beginning of time people have struggled to gain their freedom. More recently, in 1963 Martin Luther King Jr. gave his famous speech, â€Å"I Have a Dream† in response to the way the Negroes were being discriminated against. Again this theme of â€Å"the struggle for freedom† is shown in the book Animal Farm by George Orwell, and Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury. In both of these novels the characters struggle to gain their freedom from the restrictions society placed on them. Freedom is only attained when it is fought for as shown in â€Å"I Have a Dream†, Fahrenheit 451, and Animal Farm. In the novel, Fahrenheit 451, Montag struggles for freedom despite societys restrictions. This is†¦show more content†¦Jones. When giving a speech to the animals Old Major says, â€Å"The life of an animal is misery and slavery: that is the plain truth†(Orwell 7). This illustrates how unhappy the animals are with the way that they are being treated. They are fed the bare minimum, and are enslaved to work for Mr. Jones against their will. Later when Old Major is speaking to the animals he says, â€Å"That is my message to you, comrades: Rebellion!†(Orwell 9). This demonstrates how the animals are considering rebellion. They are planning on rebelling against Mr. Jones to gain back their freedom. The animals were fighting Mr. Jones and the neighboring farmers when, â€Å"all the sheep... rushed forward and prodded and butted the men from every side†(Orwell 41). The animals were trying to keep the farmers from taking back the farm. In doing so, they were sa crificing their safety in order to keep the freedom they fought for earlier in the book. To conclude, the animals had to fight in order to gain their freedom from Mr. Jones. In I Have a Dream by Martin Luther King Jr. people are challenged to fight for their freedom, it is not given to them. â€Å"But one hundred years later, the Negro still is not free; one hundred years later, the life of a Negro is still crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination,†(King 10-12). This proves how awful life of the Negro people is, that they are segregated andShow MoreRelatedHurry! The Book Police Are Coming!570 Words   |  2 Pagessevere, and critics need to be more thoughtful and selective in the books that they ban. Clearly, some literature is not suitable for high school students; however, they may be set aside to be taught at a higher level where proper discussions and analysis can take place. Such books as Mein Kampf and the Communist Manifesto involve ra cist and radical ideals which require extensive knowledge on particular time periods and relationships to be fully understood. These books cannot be simply handed outRead MoreCritics of Novel 1984 by George Orwell14914 Words   |  60 Pages1984: The setting of 1984 is a dystopia: an imagined world that is far worse than our own, as opposed to a utopia, which is an ideal place or state. Other dystopian novels include Aldous Huxleys Brave New World, Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451, and Orwells own Animal Farm. When George Orwell wrote 1984, the year that gives the book its title was still almost 40 years in the future. Some of the things Orwell imagined that would come to pass were the telescreen, a TV that observes those who are watchingRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesLine 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial CharacteristicsRead MoreInternal Revenue Code 1939278050 Words   |  1113 Pagesarrangement of the same, and, therefore, no inference, implication or presumption of legislative construction shall be drawn or made by reason of the location or grouping of any particular section or provision or portion thereof, nor shall any outline, analysis, cross reference, or descriptive matter relating to the contents of said Title be given any legal effect. SEC. 7. EFFECT UPON SUBSEQUENT LEGISLATION.—The enactment of this act shall not repeal nor affect any act of Congress passed since the 2d day

Letter to Local Planning Authorities from an Entrepreneurial Farmer Free Essays

1.1 Introduction to myself and reason for proposal. My name is MR Michael Christou and I live and work at Moatlow Farm (GR 156 538). We will write a custom essay sample on Letter to Local Planning Authorities from an Entrepreneurial Farmer or any similar topic only for you Order Now Farming in my area is becoming increasingly difficult. This is due to poor soil and the harsh climate. Also I am receiving much less income because of increase in cost of keeping my live stock and the decrease in their value at market. 1.2 Please consider the above details when reviewing my proposals. (The following) 2.0 General explanation of my proposals (Of which there are three) 2.1 Development of out buildings into holiday accommodation. Firstly I propose to make the appropriate alterations to some of my unused outbuildings. If I do so I will be able to accommodate tourists consequently earning a little extra income to pay for the keeping of my animals and giving tourists a quality experience of the peak district area, which will bring more money into the area and community. 2.2 Restriction of certain foot paths during lambing season. My second proposal is that the public footpaths which cut through my land are closed for the period of time when the lambs are at a stage where if they are disturbed they are easily scared because this leads to them growing to be unhealthy. Although I agree that the general public has the right to be able to experience this scenic and peaceful environment, but if they carry on passing through my fields as regularly and in the great numbers that they do then, especially during lambing season, my income and the role I play within the community will be impaired. 2.3 The replacement of dry stone walls with easier maintainable fencing. Being a hard working farmer I strive at putting 100% into my work knowing the more time I put in the more I get out, but an everlasting problem of tourists damaging and myself having to repair or pay for damaged dry stone walls is becoming somewhat of a hindrance. Also the more time I put into repairing the dry stone walls the less time I have for real work this is why I suggest that the majority of the walls are replaced by cheaper, easier to maintain fencing. 3.0 Evidence and ideas to support my plan. 3.1 Evidence and ideas concerning out building development. There are an extremely large number of visitors every year to Dovedale and the peak district area; this is where the local community gains its income to be able to support itself. It is inevitable that if an extra place for a family to stay is provided people will take that opportunity. If accommodation is provided for 2 or 3 families then it would be an extra 2 or 3 families in the local area which means not only I receive much needed extra income but the whole community will benefit. The simple reason being that those two or three families will be spending their in the shops, paying to use the facilities and paying to visit the attractions in the area. 3.2 Evidence and ideas concerning the closure of certain foot paths at certain times. Changing the routes during busy season is in favor of what the P.R officer is proposing and also it would be a great benefit to my self. 3.3 Evidence and ideas concerning the replacement of dry stone walls with easy maintenance fencing. People in opposition to this proposal would argue that the removal of the dry stone walls would be the removal of a natural beauty; but the walls are not natural, man put them there. But that is not my point/argument just fact. I agree that the removal of all of the dry stone walling would be the removal of something which I believe symbolizes English countryside, culture and heritage. But I am not asking that all the walls are removed/destroyed just the ones that surround my land and nearby farms. This would be barely noticeable to the general public but would make a significant difference to myself and my work. If the walls are left there I will have to continue repairing them after visitors have damaged them which is either time consuming, expensive or both. If it is not possible at any point for me to make a repair to the wall then holes form meaning my animals can escape easily consequently getting lost or injuring themselves costing me even more money. Also the lime stone can be used again for things such as repairing other walls, strengthening/repairing foot paths instead of scaring the scenery by digging for it. In short it is been re-cycled, beneficial to the local community. 4.0 Justification of my proposals in comparison to those of the parish council and the public relations officer. 4.1 Why the parish councils proposal will not benefit the community. (1) The car parks are to be made by the laying of tarmac. If this is to be done then extreme disturbance of the local area will occur, e.g. the heavy plant machinery will make such noise and will take up space there fore the area will have to be closed to visitors during construction other wise extreme disorder would occur. This closure to tourists, even for a short time would kill most of the communities’ peoples income. (11) The cost of visiting the area for most people is far from cheep then on top of that when visitors arrive the parish council wants to charge them for parking their car. The tourists already provide a large percentage of our income to charge them for things such as parking would almost be exploiting them! After all they do have as much right to experience this environment as we do. 4.2 Justification of my proposals cont†¦ Why the public relations officers proposals will not benefit the community (1) The proposal of putting information boards around the area to help give visitors awareness of what they are doing to our area will benefit the area in no way what so ever. My reason for believing this is that I believe that the people who take out the time and show interest in these information boards saying ‘Don’t drop litter’ and ‘the country code’ etc are the people who would have thought to respect our environment in the 1st place. Consequently the boards are a waste of money. (Money which is donated by the local community) (11) Making alternative footpaths out of hard wearing footpaths i.e. tarmac would have the same negative effect on the community as explained in section 4.1 (1). Whereas if you (the committee) were to accept my proposals the lime stone from the walls would be crushed and used to make hard wearing, natural looking footpaths. 4.3 The afore mentioned proposals of the P.R officer and the parish council would both have a negative effect on the community and would just cause a great hassle. My proposals have been carefully planned to have a positive effect on the community, whilst making the role I play within the community more focused. 5.0 In conclusion: Please consider all of the facts and think about how our community is going to benefit the most. I am confident that once you have done this you will decide that my proposals are going to have the most positive effect on the future development and future in general of our community, and there fore should be put into place. How to cite Letter to Local Planning Authorities from an Entrepreneurial Farmer, Papers

Operations Management Literature Review

Question: Discuss about theOperations Managementfor Literature Review. Answer: Introduction A growth in the modern world has not only allowed a deep rooted investigation of the present but also a prediction of the future. It is noted with a development of several theories, policies and strategies experts have largely taken to build up competency levels of the upcoming days. In addition to a focus on making an optimum use of resources and technology, nations across the globe compete against each other in building up opportunities for the future generation. As compared to the extraordinary prototypes, the professionals ensure that the future has a lot more. According to Slack (2015), an expansion of knowledge has allowed an increment of expertise and an effective know-how of operations in the world as well. In order to understand the concept and various aspects of the future developments the video Australia Beyond 2020 has been taken into consideration. Additionally, a comparison of the visual to two theoretical journals also proves to be helpful. Operation Management As stated by Krajewski, Ritzman Malhotra (2013), the concept of operation management applies to all productive organizations across the world. Being a diversified topic, the aspect is recognized as one the most crucial factors that affects decision making and developmental processes. Apart from a focus on production and value addition processes, the topic highlights application of tools and various strategies. Moreover, supply chains, logistics, marketing, financing and delivery management all form part of the widely spread concept as well. It is noted that the in comparison to the present times the future will present business firms with more developed resources. Managers in a firm often tend to work in collaboration with experts and the taskforce to study the market and further build up future scopes. Based on the video it is seen that Australian firms focus on developing an unbelievable future in every aspect of the world. Ranging from kitchens to toilets to cars to about all humanitarian aspects will undergo an extraordinary change in the coming 2020 and beyond (Booth, 2015). Being a well developed nation, Australia largely undertakes various operational plan systems to build up capabilities and make effective decisions. Despite of a certain level of risk, professionals immensely undertake reinforcements and reconstruction of ideas. It is noted that enterprises in the nation will tend to maximize efficiency to a whole new level by the year 2020. In addition to business and profit margin increments, operational plans also support safety and environmental welfare. As stated by Ward Peppard (2016), it is the organized systems also are responsible for a solving work issues and lend a hand towards the employees to love their job. With highly developed technology, Australian organizations will attain huge growth by 2020 and beyond (Australia Beyond 2020 S01E01, 2016). Supply Chain and Logistics Among the several primary functions of operational management, supply chain and logistics prove to be the most impacting features. It is noted that enterprises and experts in Australia focus on designing, planning, controlling and procurement of goals to evolve with expected results. Companies like Uber have increasingly focused on integrating technology in the business framework and thereby be able to manufacture advanced cars and develop a sustainable future. As opined by Eden Ackermann (2013), the planning and managing processes in enterprises supports fruitfulness of the supply chain management system. The consideration of external attributes, demographic and psychographic aspects of the upcoming generation allows Australia to effectively build up opportunities that will prove to be extraordinary in the future. Further, the technological developments shall also create an augmented world of communication that not will help in creating products but also act as a backbone to develo pers, architects and business firms. Another concept which has been expanding over the last few years and is forecasted to attain astonishing results by the year 2020 is the use of social and digital media. The expansion of e-commerce has changed expenditure patterns of the people which have forced companies to develop logistic systems (Australia Beyond 2020 S01E01, 2016). Australians have spent more than $20 million over the last year in online shopping. Not only will the use of drones sufficed door step delivery of goods, but also will extremely help in the health industry as well. Furthermore, Australian firms are also likely to join hands and perform in cooperation with mechanics and high tech to be able to integrate automation in the framework of their firm (Fitzsimmons Fitzsimmons, 2013). Product Designing The concept of building up new products and their individual scopes, utilities and life cycles are an important aspect of commodity designing. It is noted that Australian companies increasingly focus on adapting to technological innovations and also take steps towards bringing ideas to life. In order to ensure a highly advanced and sustainable future, experts are likely to create goods that allow financial stability along with developing Australia as a whole. Moreover, the creation of extraordinary commodities will also ensure a competitive advantage of the nation over competing countries. As stated by Chandrasegaran et al., (2013), developing of durable goods is a great concern for business firms as well. Further, firms tend to differentiate between augmented and virtual reality to build up a highly impacting future. Beyond Australia 2020 Based on the video it can be inferred that the year 2020 and beyond largely depends on technical advancements in Australia. Starting with the introduction of the house of the future, the video lets the audience learn about the extraordinary technology. Ranging from virtual projection of recipes to smart fridges, the innovations successfully involves probably all aspects of a future generation house. Further, the customization systems in toilets, voice detection, facial recognition, visual monitoring and more powerful networks are what comprise the future homes (Ustun, Zayegh Ozansoy, 2013). Further, the nation excessively takes into consideration creation of environment friendly opportunities as well. The development of eco-friendly cars and innovation of self driven vehicle are a breakthrough in Australia. In addition to GPS, on board cameras, radars and much other advancement the extraordinary cars also ensure safety of the passengers. According to Ullman (2015), with a population of 13 million, the only solution to the heightening of pollution is the electric cars. Firms like Renault, Ford, Mercedes and many other have largely taken to build up environment friendly and self-driven vehicles. Moreover, the initiative of Uber, Google and Ford to launch new taxi services and cars like the lux pathfinders might not only reduce car purchases but also develop transportation scopes by the year 2020. Additionally, it is expected that there will be an extraordinary development in network and communication (smart phone apps) will also contribute in building a better future of Australia (Australia Beyond 2020 S01E01, 2016). It is noted that companies will significantly undertake several systems and plan to successfully integrate operational planning in firms. Also, a consideration of supply chain and logistics enhancement will prove to be beneficial. Beyond the year 2020, there will be an extraordinary change in the workplace environment as well. The integration of innovations shall not only allow expansion of communication but also interaction between colleagues. Experts in Australia significantly focus on the developing business operations for the upcoming future. In addition to the integration of monitoring systems, figure touch techs, virtual relations and the ability to crate holograms will stand out in (Rajala, 2012). Furthermore, the openness, versatility, virtual communication is expected to develop thinking abilities and capabilities of the coming generation of the nation. It is noted that the outstanding technology will also provide a never before experience in research, study, work, discovery and also gaming. Also, the change of online shopping techniques will be a benchmark by 2020. Developing of measuring apps and several similar characteristics is what has lead to supply chain developments. Enterprises like Amazon, Dominoes and Australia Post will largely undertake door step delivery by drones. According to Cork et al., (2012), in addition to serving as anywhere paramedic system, water saviors, shark detection materials, drones also help in taking selfies. With a integration of the advancements in the framework, the operational management plays a key role in leading the country to development. Moreover, creation of tracking sportswear, sensory techs, fitness detection systems, will contribute towards discovering unimaginable health patterns (Productivity Commission, 2013). Summary It is noted that with an implication of the extraordinary technologies will lead Australia to a new verge of success beyond the year 2020. Further, comparing the video with the journals articles it can be inferred that the innovations are interdependent on theoretical aspects. An integration of innovations will ensure a bright future of the new generation as well. Analyzing beyond 2020 Australia, it is seen that the innovations will not only benefit the nation but also every other part of the world. Further, the various conceptual aspects of operation management play a key role in decision making and role playing of the advancements as well. It can be concluded that with a successfulness of the ideas and full-fledged practice of them will make Australia one of the most impacting leaders in the world. References Australia Beyond 2020 S01E01. (2016).YouTube. Retrieved 15 December 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=umg-0lSMO5Y Booth, S. A. (2015).Crisis management strategy: Competition and change in modern enterprises. Routledge. Chandrasegaran, S. K., Ramani, K., Sriram, R. D., HorvTh, I., Bernard, A., Harik, R. F., Gao, W. (2013). The evolution, challenges, and future of knowledge representation in product design systems.Computer-aided design,45(2), 204-228. Cork, S., Jones, R. N., Butler, C. D., Cocks, D., Dunlop, I., Howe, P. (2012). Towards scenarios for a sustainable and equitable future for Australia.Living scenarios for Australia to, 115. Eden, C., Ackermann, F. (2013).Making strategy: The journey of strategic management. Sage. Fitzsimmons, J., Fitzsimmons, M. (2013).Service management: Operations, strategy, information technology. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Krajewski, L. J., Ritzman, L. P., Malhotra, M. K. (2013).Operations management: processes and supply chains. New York: Pearson. Productivity Commission. (2013). An ageing Australia: Preparing for the future.Research Paper, Canberra. Rajala, S. A. (2012). Beyond 2020: Preparing engineers for the future.Proceedings of the IEEE,100(Special Centennial Issue), 1376-1383. Slack, N. (2015).Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Ullman, D. (2015).The mechanical design process. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Ustun, T. S., Zayegh, A., Ozansoy, C. (2013). Electric vehicle potential in Australia: its impact on smartgrids.IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine,7(4), 15-25. Ward, J., Peppard, J. (2016).The Strategic Management of Information Systems: Building a Digital Strategy. John Wiley Sons.

Analysis of Intimacy and Terror essays

Analysis of Intimacy and Terror essays Andrei Stepanovich Arzhilovsky was accused of counter revolutionary agitation (Arzhilovsky p.112) as a result his diary was analyzed by the NKVD (Soviet Secret Police) which resulted in Arzhilovskys execution. According to the NKVD the parts of the diary which were underlined showed his counter-revolutionary activities. He writes about his life in jail, his life after his release and his views as well as his fears about the Russian Revolution and the Communist Party. One of the very first things that the NKVD underlined was when Arzhilovsky talked about Grandma Darya telling fairy tale stories to the kids. He states that it is important to treasure stories that are told by older people and that Grandma Darya is someone who should be prized because there arent many people who can remember life as it used to be.( Arzhilovsky p.114) One of the goals of the Socialist parties in Russia was to make people forget about how it used to be. Tradition wasnt as important as a new society with different institutions that revolved around the communist mind set. Arzhilovsky wants those stories to live on and to remind him of the past because he understood that the society was better off without the communists ruling. An important part of Arzhilovskys diary which was underlined and analyzed, was about Arzilovsky trying to get early released from jail. He disagreed with the courts and judges behavior in releasing murderers as well as thieves instead of releasing the people who committed the crime of being counter-revolutionary activists. He mentions that the judge and the prosecutors facial expression changed once they got to him and saw that it was about Article 58. This showed the NKVD that he was against the laws and against the judging of the Socialist Party. Andrei Stepanovich Arzhilovsky states When will they r ...

Normandy Invasion essays

Normandy Invasion essays Introduction The Allied invasion of France on June 6, 1944 is variously known as D-Day, the Longest Day, Cross-Channel Attack, and probably some others as well. It was the largest single military operation of World War II. Hence, the Normandy beaches are a must stop if you get anywhere close to France. The 50th anniversary celebration in 1994 generated a lot of hype. The recent movie Saving Private Ryan rekindled that interest. However, the landing always held a special niche going back to the event itself. Much like Gettysburg, the Normandy attack has been studied in great detail hour by hour, person by person, shot by shot. We'll assume a flight landing in Paris and getting a rental car (a must) at the airport. Then you would drive over to Caen (about a 150 miles) and spend the night, which would put you at the east end of the beaches the next morning. This book by Bruce Bilven, Jr., is a historical documentation of D-Day, June 6, 1944. The book itself contains a lot of dates, nam es and places, which makes it a tough book to follow. Bruce Bilven Jr., himself took part in the massive D-Day invasion of Omaha Beach, as a second Lieutenant in the 29th Division Artillery. Drawing on his own experiances as a solider in World War II, he wrote two other Landmark Books about the war; From Casablanca to Berlin and From Pearl Harbor to Okinawa. Since the war he has written The American Revolution as well as many other books articles, and reviews. He lives with his wife and co-author, Naomi, and his college-age son in New York City. Summary Strategy D-Day began with the concept of the "Second Front." When Stalin's Russia was invaded in 1941, he immediately demanded that his new allies attack Hitler to take off the pressure. No matter his past complicity. Churchill and Roosevelt replied with the invasion of North Africa in November 1942 and Italy in 1943. Chief of staff George C. Marshall considered these sideshows draining away troops and tim...

Moholy-Nagy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Moholy-Nagy - Essay Example Moholy Nagy suggests that the only solution to deal with the nature of the contemporary economy is to innovate and design equipment that can produce large volumes of a particular type of homogenous product that can satisfy the needs of the people. Historically, the house representing the economy was not so complicated compared to today’s economy. The current economy is comprised of rising demand which means that a particular type of product can be demanded at the same time. This means that production of the same product has to be increased. Moholy-Nagy argues that it is not enough to improve the form of product but how the product is produced as a means of contributing to the performance of the entire economy. His contributions have influenced significant changes in the world of typography and design during the contemporary period. The current economy demands that we move towards mass production of the products that are demanded by the consumers. This has compelled the people to design new â€Å"prototypes† or rather equipment that can be used to produce the demanded products in large quantities. Moholy’s contribution has influenced the design of new technology to manufacture different goods meant to sati sfy the needs of different people. This mechanization has significantly contributed towards the development of the entire economy. This means that the new improvements have also played a pivotal role in improving the welfare of the people. Today, the economy is mainly determined by mechanization and mass production. We need to experiment with things in order to design prototypes that are meant to improve our entire way of life by means of economic production. As we move towards modernism, it is a virtue to harness art and design to come up with the best type of equipment that can enhance economic development. Our current economy demands effective and efficient means of production and this can only be possible through

Discuss the design needs for a plant producing a million tubs (150 ml) Essay

Discuss the design needs for a plant producing a million tubs (150 ml) per week of fruit yoghurt, with emphasis on the hygiene aspects. Make clear your assumpt - Essay Example 8) Cheap labor - Labor is an important part of the business without whom any business can run successfully. Labor helps in flourishing a business. So it should be available in adequate amount and on cheap wages. 9) Others facilities - The structure of the plant should be well designed with proper lighting, ventilation, sanitation, cleanliness, rest rooms and waiting rooms, wash rooms etc. It should be spacious, noise-proof and have adequate number of large windows to allow the entry of maximum natural light and free circulation of natural air. It should have fire alarms and emergency alarms also. 10) There should be a proper place for the disposal of the waste material. This would help in maintaining the neat and clean surrounding and thus saving the environment from getting polluted and finally keeping the beauty of the nature at esteem. This diagram shows the working of different departments with each-other's cooperation and coordination. One is responsible to answer the other and the other is responsible and dutiful to help the rest of the departments. Like production department has to maintain the records of sales department as well as of purchase department because three of them are tightly knotted with each other. This diagram shows the working of different levels of management. ... Internal management of the plant:- This diagram shows the working of different departments with each-other's cooperation and coordination. One is responsible to answer the other and the other is responsible and dutiful to help the rest of the departments. Like production department has to maintain the records of sales department as well as of purchase department because three of them are tightly knotted with each other. This diagram shows the working of different levels of management. This type of structure is known as "Vertical division of labor". In this kind of scenario, the chief function of top managers, or executives, typically is to plan long-term strategy and oversee middle managers. Middle managers generally guide the day-to-day activities of the organization and administer top-level strategy. Low-level managers and laborers put strategy into action and perform the specific tasks necessary to keep the organization operating. Conclusion:- The success of the business not only dependent upon the architecture of the plant but also on the nature of the business, facilities available, activities performed and internal management of the plant i.e. how is work going on and the coordination and cooperation of the staff right from the lower level to middle level and finally to the top level. Design of the plant not only shows the impact of the owners of the business on the rest of the world including competitors but also their duty to present and build the strong infrastructure. Organization, Work & Technology are formerly known as Behaviors in Organizations so each is equally counted in terms of profit and reputation of the

Team-based Programming Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Team-based Programming Skills - Essay Example Each member is dependent on the other and higher the understanding among the members, higher the productivity level of the whole organization. When working in a team as a programmer, the most important skill that you need to have is communication skill. A programmer working in a team may not require a vast amount of knowledge compared to a programmer working alone. (Layman, et al. 2006) In web programming, content is of the utmost importance. When different sets of mind are working together, they produce content that is of high quality, has a lot of variety, attractive, dynamic and is well planned. There are various teams that are made that have a specific task so that they can create something that captivates the audience (Layman, et al. 2006). In teams there is the transference of knowledge as well. A person who is skilled in web programming can share his knowledge and wisdom with the people he is working with. (Sharp & Robinson, 2008) This helps in the overall productivity of the whole team which in turn affects the organization. When a programmer is working alone he needs a vast amount of knowledge concerned with the design of the website. Although communication skills are not that important but still they are required. The programmer must be expert in all areas because he is in charge of all the things. Organizations that are small require web developers that can work alone (Anon., 2014). However there is a downside of working alone as well. The content made is not that captivating when the programmer is working alone because a single mind is working on it. (Burdmann, 1999) There is a lower degree of creativeness as it is born out of interaction. There is limited knowledge and the programmer might lose confidence in his abilities. In today’s world it is important for an organization to build teams and strategies for them. When a team is built up, a specific strategy and specific tasks are allotted to

Importance of Education in Human Development

Importance of Education in Human Development Education is one of the main crucial aspects towards human development. This means, it is important in shaping human life and development. There are several types of education namely formal, informal and non formal education. These types of education are normally given since childhood to adulthood and they vary from society to society. Childhood is a critical stage in human development so education provided during that period needs to be a special one. Several authors have done some works to show weaknesses in childhood education systems and pedagogies and they have identified some measures to improve. Those authors include Maria Montessori and Margaret Mead. They show the need for educational reform in order to bring peoples socio-economic development. The main purpose of this paper is therefore to identify some problems and weaknesses in educating children and to provide suggested measures for improvement. It will focus on the work of Maria Montessori which was based in Italy exper ience and Margaret Mead basing in America and Samoa  [1]  experience. The paper will focus on formal education in schools and informal education in the homes. Maria Montessori (1912) in her work, the Montessori method, argues that through different ways, the existed education system is not proper to children. She shows weakness of the old scientific pedagogy and proposing new kind of scientific pedagogy. She says, the principle of slavery pervades pedagogy and therefore the same principle pervades school. She argues for reform and transformation of the whole school environment including the roles of educators, school buildings, sitting arrangement, lessons to be taught as well as the teachings methods. She is proposing the Montessori Method as a critical consideration of the new pedagogy in its relation to modern science. She shows the need to move away from a false and narrow way of educating children to a more free system in order to have a true and proper system for training the future generation. Starting with the role of teachers or educators, she says they should be very well prepared on how to deal and interact with children. That preparation should be based on the spirit rather than on the mechanism in order to awaken their mind and hearts. To her, the teachers tend to pour certain knowledge and facts into the heads of the pupils and in order to succeed in that they need to discipline the pupils into immobility and force their attention through systems of prizes and punishments. She argues that prizes and punishments are instrument of slavery of the spirit and they are incentives toward unnatural or forced effort and that cannot be considered as natural development of the child. Even if nowadays there are no whippings or other forms of punishments in schools, even scolding of teachers or giving a pupil bad mark is not encouraged by the author. This system of prizes may turn an individual aside from true choices and make him/her choose a false one and forced to follow it. Prizes and punishments may have various negative consequences for the children because even in future, at work the children will tend to work for prizes and rewards instead of professional motivation. However, the system is still very common and continues today in many parts of the world and people are so rigid to change it. It is argued that education should guide childrens learning but it represses instead. According to Montessori, the teachers task should be to nourish, assist, watch, encourage, guide, induce, rather than to interfere, restrict or prescribe. In case of school buildings, class rooms and sitting arrangement, she says they are structured in such way that they prevent and repress children mobility and behaviours. They also make the children to study in unhygienic conditions which endanger even their physical development. She argues that it is not good for children to grow up in an artificial environment so she proposes pupils liberty, auto education, establishment of harmony between the work and activities of home life and school tasks so as to improve the children education. She says the scientific pedagogy in the school should permit free and natural manifestations of the child. It is true that free children can learn best than those tied to false and fake environment which does not portray their real life. Restricting children mobility in schools has similar consequences like rewards and punishments. It degrades their bodies and spirits and can lead to forced discipline and lack of confidence. The Montessori Method consists of various lessons including intellectual education, muscular education and education of the senses to name a few. She believes that education of the senses is very important for guiding practical life. At the same time, Montessori drives our attention to the role of religious education as being important to guide children moral life. In this case, the education system needs to be comprehensive and it should not just focus on teaching children reading, writing and arithmetic. However, in our contemporary society this may not be very practical because of the declining role of religion in peoples life. There are people who do not practice any religion anymore. It is argued that, the Montessori system is not yet complete but it comprises a system well enough established to be practical in all child care institutions and in the first elementary classes. The system originated from the preceding pedagogical experiences with abnormal children when it was discovered that abnormal children when taught in a different and special way and if helped in their psychic development they can be able to learn and compete with normal children. This fact proved that the normal children are being suffocated and repressed hence they do not reach their full development. This derived the need to apply similar methods to normal children so as to develop and set free their personality. It is believed that these methods will guard a persons natural life and free him or her from the so called oppressive and degrading society. Montessori now saw the need to apply her methods and to develop didactic materials  [2]  which could effectively be used in the so called Children Houses  [3]  . It is also important to mention that the Montessori system represents the successive work of other three physicians namely Itard, Seguin and Kant. The system had been widely accepted and it is applied in many countries including the developed and developing countries. However, it needs special skills, knowledge and materials so it can be argued that it is expensive to run. It is applied in some private schools but it is a challenge in public schools. Also it application can conflict with the home environment of the child when there are two different systems at home and school. It can function well if parents are also aware of it. Mead (1928), in her work on Coming of Age in Samoa, also analyses gaps and weaknesses in the education system in America by comparing it with Samoa experience. Mead focuses more on the childs home environment but also she analyzes the childs school environment. When analysing education of the Samoan child, she explains how children from infant stage are raised and different roles of family members in raising children. She also shows how children are handled and educated before and after puberty until they get married. Here, she has analysed an African society of Samoa which has not yet received external contacts from other countries especially the developed countries. The society she also describes as a primitive society. She analyses this society by showing how a child learns from his or her surrounding environment. However, she does not argue that it is perfect way of raising and educating children but she points out that there are crucial things which a developed society such as A merica can learn from it. Like Montessori, she acknowledges the importance of a childs home and natural environment for learning. In Samoa, from birth until the age of four of five a childs education is simple, focussing on physical development such as learning how to sit and crawl. Young girl and boys of six or seven years are the ones responsible for caring, socializing and disciplining the small children. However, there is unequal treatment for boys and girls because girls are more burned with child caring responsibility and they have little opportunity to learn some other forms of work and play compared to the boys. However, it is noted that with the introduction of formal schooling by the government, the children are now being removed from home and they stay in school for many hours. This will in turn bring disorganization and change of the traditional system. Mead sees several problems in the American education system in comparing it with Samoa. In Samoa, children are not forced to learn or punished harshly for slowness of development as in America. She argues that punishments such as whippings in schools can make a child able to make mathematical calculations but she/he wont be able to interpret or make sense of it. Like Montessori she criticizes punishments in schools but she doesnt identify rewards as a problem. She also argues that, the American education system tends to confuse pupils because it fails to make important connection between the school and the home environment. There are cases where by things allowed at home are not allowed at school. American children spend many hours in school learning tasks which do not have visible connections with what their parents are doing as opposed to Samoan children. They are also encouraged and left to play with toys and dolls which are meaningless. The education system fails to include children participation and integrating school life with the surrounding community like what Samoa does to its children. American boys and girls finish school at the age of 14 and 18 and are ready to work but they have few choices to make because the education and the skills they get influence which work they should do. Here, she calls for an education system which will prepare and train the children the choices which confront them. She suggests education in the home even more than at school. Like Montessori, Mead also stresses the need for practical education. For Montessori, a good way for solving this problem had been to establish children houses. Mead adds that, education system in America had the problem of handling children of different endowment and different rates of development. There had been a tendency of keeping children in one educational step for a long time in order to give time to the mentally defective children to catch up. This has many disadvantages to the children and to Montessori also, this is a way of repressing and degrading childs full development. Generally, Mead sees problems in educating and treating children at home and in schools. She urges for education reform which will enable children to make important choices for their life. Education should also give more attention to mental and physical hygiene and in this way like Montessori, she argues that a child needs to be health in mind and body and she or he should learn freely without being tied to some systems or to one regime. America has a heterogeneous culture and various philosophies so children should be taught how to think instead of not to think. They need to be taught how to make individual choices and to tolerate the heterogeneous culture. In conclusion, the two authors have identified how education of children is structured and they have identified errors gaps and weaknesses which need to be worked on. Although the authors come from two different societies they have been able to identify some common problems and in one way or another some similar measures on educational reform. This might be due to the fact that they have some similar background as developed countries. It is surprisingly true that the problems identified persist in many other countries including the developing countries till today. In that case, it can be argued that the developing countries might have adopted similar educational schemes through colonialism.

How religion was affected by Industrialization Essay -- Essays Papers

How religion was affected by Industrialization The Communist Manifesto Great changes took place in the lives and work of people in several parts of the world, resulting from the development of the Industrial Revolution. Just before the outbreak of revolutionary violence in Paris due to the consequences of industrialization, Karl Marx wrote â€Å"The Communist Manifesto.† He saw this revolutionary violence as â€Å"the opening episode of a worldwide communist revolution.†1 There was no such revolution, however the communist ideals had been brought about and had taken a toll on society. The relationship between economic development and Communist party strength is significant. Also the significance of religion during this period had changed in large part due to this communist â€Å"revolution.† Marx’s concentration to radical social change and atheism was spread during industrialization. Labor was of such demand that even priests were converted into paid wage-laborers. The â€Å"Communist Manifesto† states, à ¢â‚¬Å"All that is holy is profaned, and man is at last compelled to face with sober senses, his real conditions of life.†2 Industrialization caused many great changes economically as well as socially. France was dramatically different in many aspects after this revolution. Industrialization caused the communist â€Å"revolution† which in turn caused religious issues in France. The Industrial Revolution was a time in western cultures when the production of goods became urbanized. Spreading from Great Britain, industrialization had become widespread in Western Europe by the mid-1800’s. France, in particular, progressed in the industrialization process from about 1830 to 1850. Industrialization created an enormous increase in th... ...vided by World Book Online, http://www.discoveryschool.com/homeworkhelp/worldbook/atozhistory/i/27588.html (25 October 2001) 7. Peter N. Stearns, The Impact of the Industrial Revolution (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1972) 126, 127, 92-4 8. John H. Kautsky, Communism and the Politics of Development (New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1968) 10 9. The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, (Houghton Mifflin Company, 2000) http://www.dictionary.com (25 October 2001) 10. John H. Kautsky, Communism and the Politics of Development (New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1968) 185, 186 11. Lawrence J. Flockerzie and Dennis M. Doyle, â€Å"The Manifesto of the Communist Party† in Sources from the Humanities, trans. by Samuel Moore (Chicago: Charles H. Kerr Publishing Company, 1989) 40